IB ChemistryStructure 33.23.2.11
3.2.11HL

¹³C NMR

Mapping the carbon skeleton. Each peak = one unique carbon environment.

🟣 This is Higher Level (HL) content.

🔑 Simpler Than ¹H NMR

Number of peaks = number of unique carbon environments. No splitting (signals are decoupled). No integration (peak height ≠ number of carbons).

¹³C Chemical Shift Ranges

Environment δ / ppm
C–C (alkyl) 5–40
C–O (alcohol/ether) 50–90
C=C (alkene/aromatic) 110–160
C=O (carbonyl) 160–220

📐 Worked Example. Propanone

CH₃COCH₃ has 2 carbon environments: the two equivalent CH₃ groups (one peak ~30 ppm) and the C=O (one peak ~205 ppm). So the spectrum shows 2 peaks.

← 3.2.10 ¹H NMR3.2.12 Combined Analysis (HL) →