SVG Auto-Audit Results (324 SVGs scanned)

Running checks...
aqa/topic-6-flashcards.html (SVG #1)
aqa/topic-9-flashcards.html (SVG #1)
aqa/index.html (SVG #1)
aqa/index.html (SVG #2)
aqa/index.html (SVG #3)
aqa/index.html (SVG #4)
aqa/index.html (SVG #5)
aqa/index.html (SVG #6)
aqa/index.html (SVG #7)
aqa/index.html (SVG #8)
aqa/index.html (SVG #9)
aqa/topic-1.html (SVG #1)
aqa/topic-1.html (SVG #2)
Particle models comparing elements, compounds, and mixtures. Element Only one type of atom Compound Different atoms chemically bonded Mixture Multiple substances not chemically bonded
aqa/topic-1.html (SVG #3)
Core separation techniques: Filtration, Distillation, and Chromatography. Filtration Insoluble solid + liquid Residue Filter paper Filtrate Distillation Solvent from solution Solution Condenser Distillate Heat Chromatography Dissolved substances Solvent front Baseline Solvent
aqa/topic-1.html (SVG #4)
The evolution of atomic structure theories from 1803 to 1926. DALTON 1803 All matter is made of atoms THOMSON 1897 Discovered the inner structure of the atom + + + RUTHERFORD 1911 Discovered electrons surround the nucleus of an atom BOHR 1913 Electrons move in fixed orbitals (shells) SCHRODINGER 1926 Wave behavior of the electron
aqa/topic-1.html (SVG #5)
The anatomy of an atom showing protons, neutrons, and electrons. ELECTRON Charge: -1 Mass: ~0 PROTON Charge: +1 Mass: 1 NEUTRON Charge: 0 Mass: 1 NUCLEUS = Protons + Neutrons
aqa/topic-1.html (SVG #6)
The three isotopes of Carbon. The proton number stays the same, only the neutrons change. Carbon-12 6 Protons, 6 Neutrons 98.9% Abundant Carbon-13 6 Protons, 7 Neutrons 1.1% Abundant Carbon-14 6 Protons, 8 Neutrons < 0.1% (Radioactive)
aqa/topic-1-flashcards.html (SVG #1)
aqa/topic-6-exam.html (SVG #1)
aqa/topic-6-exam.html (SVG #2)
aqa/topic-6-exam.html (SVG #3)
aqa/topic-1-exam.html (SVG #1)
aqa/topic-1-exam.html (SVG #2)
aqa/topic-1-exam.html (SVG #3)
aqa/topic-6.html (SVG #1)
aqa/topic-6.html (SVG #2)
Successful Collision BAM! Fast-moving particles Energy ≥ Activation Energy (Eₐ) Reaction occurs Unsuccessful Collision Slow-moving particles Energy < Activation Energy (Eₐ) Particles just bounce off
aqa/topic-6.html (SVG #3)
Large Solid Block Low Surface Area (Particles trapped inside cannot react) Broken into Powders High Surface Area (Many more exposed particles to collide)
aqa/topic-6.html (SVG #4)
Progress of Reaction → Energy → Reactants Products Eₐ without catalyst Eₐ with catalyst Uncatalysed Pathway Catalysed Pathway
aqa/topic-6.html (SVG #5)
Method 1: Gas Collection Gas Syringe Measure gas volume at regular intervals Method 2: Mass Loss 120.45g Cotton Wool Gas escapes, mass decreases Method 3: Disappearing Cross Precipitate forms, cross becomes invisible
aqa/topic-6.html (SVG #6)
Time → Amount of Product → (or reactant used) Final amount of product (reaction is complete) Reaction A finishes Reaction B finishes Steeper initial gradient = Faster rate (More frequent successful collisions) Higher Temp / Conc. (Faster) Lower Temp / Conc. (Slower)
aqa/topic-6.html (SVG #7)
Reactants Products Forward Rate Reverse Rate Rates are EQUAL Constant Level Constant Level
aqa/topic-7.html (SVG #1)
aqa/topic-7.html (SVG #2)
What is a Hydrocarbon? C C C H H H H H H H H Propane (C₃H₈) C Carbon H Hydrogen O N No other elements! ONLY C & H
aqa/topic-7.html (SVG #3)
Fractional Distillation of Crude Oil HOT (~400°C) COOL (~25°C) Crude Oil Vapour HEATER Refinery Gases C₁ - C₄ | Bottled gas, heating 🔥 Petrol (Gasoline) C₅ - C₈ | Fuel for cars 🚗 Naphtha C₈ - C₁₂ | Making chemicals/plastics 🧪 Kerosene C₁₂ - C₁₆ | Aircraft fuel ✈️ Diesel Oil C₁₆ - C₂₀ | Fuel for trains, lorries 🚛 Heavy Fuel Oil C₂₀ - C₄₀ | Fuel for ships, power stations 🚢 Bitumen C₄₀+ | Surfacing roads, roofs 🛣️ Increasing Carbon Chain Length & Boiling Point→
aqa/topic-7.html (SVG #4)
The First Four Alkanes Methane CH₄ Ethane C₂H₆ Propane C₃H₈ Butane C₄H₁₀
aqa/topic-7.html (SVG #5)
Cracking Process (e.g. Decane) Long-chain Alkane Decane (C₁₀H₂₂) Heat + Catalyst Shorter Alkane Octane (C₈H₁₈) + Alkene Ethene (C₂H₄) C=C Double bond
aqa/topic-7.html (SVG #6)
The Bromine Water Test Alkane Added (e.g. Ethane) Result: Stays Orange Alkene Added (e.g. Ethene) Result: Goes Colourless
aqa/topic-7.html (SVG #7)
Addition Polymerisation (e.g. Ethene) + + Monomers Ethene (C₂H₄) n Polymerisation n Polymer Poly(ethene)
aqa/topic-7-flashcards.html (SVG #1)
aqa/topic-7-exam.html (SVG #1)
aqa/topic-7-exam.html (SVG #2)
aqa/topic-7-exam.html (SVG #3)
aqa/topic-8-flashcards.html (SVG #1)
aqa/topic-10.html (SVG #1)
aqa/topic-10.html (SVG #2)
Waste Water (Sewage) Screening Removes large objects & grit Sedimentation Solids settle out to form sludge Effluent (liquid) Sludge (solid) Aerobic Treatment Bacteria break down organic matter Anaerobic Digestion Bacteria digest matter without O₂ Safe Water Released back into rivers/sea Biogas & Fertiliser Useful energy & soil nutrients
aqa/topic-10.html (SVG #3)
Salt Ions Water Molecule Semi-Permeable Membrane High Pressure Flow Sea Water (Water + Dissolved Salts) Potable Water (Water molecules only)
aqa/topic-10.html (SVG #4)
1. Raw Materials Extraction & Processing 2. Manufacturing Production & Packaging 3. Use Operation & Lifespan 4. Disposal Landfill or Incineration Recycling reduces impact at all stages
aqa/topic-10.html (SVG #5)
Pure Metal Force Regular layers of identical atoms Slide over each other = Soft Alloy Force X Different sized atoms distort layers Layers cannot slide = Harder
aqa/topic-10.html (SVG #6)
N₂ (Nitrogen) From the air H₂ (Hydrogen) From natural gas Reactor Iron Catalyst 450°C 200 atmospheres N₂, H₂ & NH₃ Cooler Mixture is cooled. Ammonia liquefies and is removed. Liquid NH₃ Unreacted N₂ & H₂ are recycled
aqa/topic-8.html (SVG #1)
aqa/topic-8.html (SVG #2)
Paper Chromatography Setup Solvent Pencil line Solvent front Spot A (Red) Spot B (Blue) Calculating Rf Rf = distance moved by substance distance moved by solvent Always between 0 and 1 Unique for each substance in a solvent Solvent distance Substance distance Chromatography paper
aqa/topic-8.html (SVG #3)
Flame Test Colours Li⁺ Crimson Na⁺ Yellow K⁺ Lilac Ca²⁺ Orange-red Cu²⁺ Green
aqa/topic-8.html (SVG #4)
Metal Hydroxide Precipitates (+ NaOH) Ca²⁺ White Mg²⁺ White Al³⁺ White (dissolves in excess) Cu²⁺ Blue Fe²⁺ Green Fe³⁺ Brown Add sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution to the unknown metal ion solution
aqa/topic-8.html (SVG #5)
Halide Precipitate Test Add dilute HNO₃, then silver nitrate (AgNO₃) Cl⁻ White AgCl Br⁻ Cream AgBr I⁻ Yellow AgI
aqa/topic-8.html (SVG #6)
Tests for Gases Pop! Hydrogen (H₂) Burning splint = Squeaky pop Relights! Oxygen (O₂) Glowing splint = Relights CO₂ Limewater Carbon Dioxide (CO₂) Limewater turns milky (cloudy) Bleached white Damp litmus Cl₂ gas Chlorine (Cl₂) Damp litmus = Bleaches white
aqa/topic-4.html (SVG #1)
aqa/topic-4.html (SVG #2)
Diagram: Reactivity Series Most Reactive Least Reactive Potassium (K) Sodium (Na) Lithium (Li) Calcium (Ca) Magnesium (Mg) Aluminium (Al) Carbon (C) Zinc (Zn) Iron (Fe) Hydrogen (H) Copper (Cu) Silver (Ag) Gold (Au) Electrolysis Reduction with Carbon Found Native
aqa/topic-4.html (SVG #3)
Diagram: Making a Soluble Salt 1. Reaction Add excess base & warm 2. Filtration Filter out unreacted solid 3. Crystallisation Evaporate water slowly
aqa/topic-4.html (SVG #4)
D.C. Power Supply + - Anode (+) Cathode (-) Oxidation Reduction Electrolyte (molten or aqueous ions) + + - -
aqa/topic-2-exam.html (SVG #1)
aqa/topic-2-exam.html (SVG #2)
aqa/topic-2-exam.html (SVG #3)
aqa/topic-2-flashcards.html (SVG #1)
aqa/required-practicals.html (SVG #1)
aqa/topic-5-flashcards.html (SVG #1)
aqa/topic-10-exam.html (SVG #1)
aqa/topic-10-exam.html (SVG #2)
aqa/topic-10-exam.html (SVG #3)
aqa/topic-9-exam.html (SVG #1)
aqa/topic-9-exam.html (SVG #2)
aqa/topic-9-exam.html (SVG #3)
aqa/topic-5.html (SVG #1)
aqa/topic-5.html (SVG #2)
Thermometer Insulating Lid Polystyrene Cup (Good insulator) Reaction Mixture (e.g. Acid + Alkali) Glass Beaker
aqa/topic-5.html (SVG #3)
Exothermic Reaction Energy Direction of Reaction Reactants Products ActivationEnergy Energy Released Endothermic Reaction Energy Direction of Reaction Reactants Products ActivationEnergy Energy Absorbed With Catalyst
aqa/topic-5.html (SVG #4)
Electrolyte Anode (-) Cathode (+) V e⁻ Hydrogen In (H₂) Unused H₂ Out Oxygen In (O₂) Water Out (H₂O) H⁺ H⁺ Oxidation (loss of e⁻) Reduction (gain of e⁻)
aqa/topic-9.html (SVG #1)
aqa/topic-9.html (SVG #2)
100% Atmosphere Nitrogen (N₂) 78% Oxygen (O₂) 21% Argon & Others ~1%
aqa/topic-9.html (SVG #3)
CO₂ H₂O 1. Early Atmosphere Volcanoes release mainly CO₂ & H₂O O₂ O₂ 2. Oceans & Life Oceans form. Algae release O₂ via photosynthesis. O₂ N₂ 3. Modern Atmosphere O₂ levels ~21%. CO₂ levels fall to around 0.04%.
aqa/topic-9.html (SVG #4)
Atmosphere Short wavelength radiation (UV/Visible) Passes through the atmosphere Long wavelength (IR) Absorbed & re-radiated by greenhouse gases Some IR escapes to space CO₂ CH₄ H₂O
aqa/topic-9.html (SVG #5)
Gas Boiler CO₂ CO₂ Burns fossil fuels (natural gas) Direct CO₂ emissions during use + Manufacturing CO₂ High Carbon Footprint Heat Pump (Renewable) CO₂ Zero CO₂ Runs on renewable electricity Zero direct CO₂ emissions Only manufacturing CO₂ Lower Carbon Footprint
aqa/topic-9.html (SVG #6)
Fossil Fuels Sulfur dioxide (SO₂) Acid Rain Damages plants & buildings Nitrogen oxides (NOₓ) SMOG Asthma & Smog Respiratory problems Particulates (C/Soot) Global Dimming Reduces sunlight reaching Earth Carbon monoxide (CO) Toxic Gas Colourless & odourless
aqa/topic-4-exam.html (SVG #1)
aqa/topic-4-exam.html (SVG #2)
aqa/topic-4-exam.html (SVG #3)
aqa/topic-2.html (SVG #1)
aqa/topic-2.html (SVG #2)
ELECTRON TRANSFER GIANT IONIC LATTICE Na Sodium (2.8.1) Cl Chlorine (2.8.7) 1 electron Forms Ions Na + Sodium Ion [2.8]⁺ Cl - Chloride Ion [2.8.8]⁻ Na⁺ Ion Cl⁻ Ion
aqa/topic-2.html (SVG #3)
WATER (H₂O) METHANE (CH₄) H H O V-shaped (Bent) molecule H H H H C Tetrahedral molecule
aqa/topic-2.html (SVG #4)
PURE METAL ALLOY + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Neat layers can slide easily over each other. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Different sized atoms distort layers, preventing sliding.
aqa/topic-2.html (SVG #5)
SOLID LIQUID GAS
aqa/topic-2.html (SVG #6)
DIAMOND GRAPHITE Rigid tetrahedral lattice Hexagonal layers that can slide
aqa/topic-4-flashcards.html (SVG #1)
aqa/topic-3-exam.html (SVG #1)
aqa/topic-3-exam.html (SVG #2)
aqa/topic-3-exam.html (SVG #3)
aqa/topic-8-exam.html (SVG #1)
aqa/topic-8-exam.html (SVG #2)
aqa/topic-8-exam.html (SVG #3)
aqa/topic-10-flashcards.html (SVG #1)
aqa/topic-3-flashcards.html (SVG #1)
aqa/topic-5-exam.html (SVG #1)
aqa/topic-5-exam.html (SVG #2)
aqa/topic-5-exam.html (SVG #3)
aqa/topic-3.html (SVG #1)
aqa/topic-3.html (SVG #2)
Diagram: Conservation of Mass C O₂ Reactants O C O Products =
aqa/topic-3.html (SVG #3)
Diagram: The Moles Triangle mass mol × Mr
aqa/topic-3.html (SVG #4)
Diagram: Reacting Masses Step 1 Find moles of known Step 2 Use mole ratio Step 3 Convert to mass/vol
aqa/topic-3.html (SVG #5)
Diagram: Limiting Reactants
aqa/topic-3.html (SVG #6)
Diagram: Limiting Reactants
aqa/topic-3.html (SVG #7)
Comparison of dilute and concentrated solutions Dilute Low concentration (Few solute particles) Concentrated High concentration (Many solute particles)
aqa/topic-3.html (SVG #8)
Diagram: The Concentration Triangle mass conc × vol
aqa/topic-3.html (SVG #9)
Addition vs Substitution Reactions Addition Reaction 100% All atoms form ONE product + Desired Substitution Reaction <100% Waste by-products form + Desired + Waste
aqa/topic-3.html (SVG #10)
Titration Apparatus Burette Contains acid of known concentration Tap / Stopcock Controls flow Conical Flask Contains alkali + indicator solution Clamp Stand
aqa/topic-3.html (SVG #11)
Diagram: Gas Volume Triangle vol mol × 24
ib/index.html (SVG #1)
ib/structure-3.html (SVG #1)
ib/structure-2.html (SVG #1)
ib/structure-1.html (SVG #1)
ib/R2.1/R2.1.3.html (SVG #1)
ib/R2.1/R2.1.3.html (SVG #2)
Diagram: Addition Reaction → 100% AE
ib/R2.1/R2.1.3.html (SVG #3)
Diagram: Substitution Reaction → Product Waste
ib/R2.1/index.html (SVG #1)
ib/R2.1/exam.html (SVG #1)
ib/R2.1/R2.1.2.html (SVG #1)
ib/R2.1/R2.1.2.html (SVG #2)
Diagram: Limiting Reagent Method Step 1 Calculate moles Step 2 Divide by coefficient Step 3 Smallest = limiting Example: Fe(s) + S(s) → FeS(s) n(Fe) = 5.0/55.85 = 0.0895 mol n(S) = 5.0/32.07 = 0.156 mol Ratio is 1:1, so divide by 1: Fe = 0.0895, S = 0.156 Fe = 0.0895 (smallest) → Fe is limiting
ib/R2.1/flashcards.html (SVG #1)
ib/R2.1/R2.1.1.html (SVG #1)
ib/R2.1/R2.1.1.html (SVG #2)
Diagram: The Stoichiometry Bridge Given quantity (mass, vol, conc) Moles of A n = m/M etc. Moles of B use mole ratio Answer (mass, vol, conc) Mole Ratio
ib/1.1/index.html (SVG #1)
ib/1.1/exam.html (SVG #1)
ib/1.1/1.1.2.html (SVG #1)
ib/1.1/1.1.3.html (SVG #1)
ib/1.1/flashcards.html (SVG #1)
ib/1.1/1.1.1.html (SVG #1)
ib/3.2/3.2.8.html (SVG #1)
ib/3.2/3.2.4.html (SVG #1)
ib/3.2/3.2.5.html (SVG #1)
ib/3.2/index.html (SVG #1)
ib/3.2/exam.html (SVG #1)
ib/3.2/3.2.9.html (SVG #1)
ib/3.2/3.2.2.html (SVG #1)
ib/3.2/3.2.11.html (SVG #1)
ib/3.2/3.2.10.html (SVG #1)
ib/3.2/3.2.3.html (SVG #1)
ib/3.2/flashcards.html (SVG #1)
ib/3.2/3.2.12.html (SVG #1)
ib/3.2/3.2.12.html (SVG #2)
Butanone 1H NMR 5 4 3 2 1 0 TMS Chemical Shift, δ (ppm) 3H 3H 2H Triplet -CH₃ (next to CH₂) Singlet -CH₃ (next to C=O) Quartet -CH₂- (next to CH₃)
ib/3.2/3.2.1.html (SVG #1)
ib/3.2/3.2.6.html (SVG #1)
ib/3.2/3.2.7.html (SVG #1)
ib/source/article-template.html (SVG #1)
ib/R1.1/index.html (SVG #1)
ib/R1.1/exam.html (SVG #1)
ib/R1.1/R1.1.1.html (SVG #1)
ib/R1.1/R1.1.1.html (SVG #2)
Exothermic (ΔH < 0) Reaction Coordinate Potential Energy Reactants Products Ea -ΔH Endothermic (ΔH > 0) Reaction Coordinate Potential Energy Reactants Products Ea +ΔH
ib/R1.1/R1.1.2.html (SVG #1)
ib/R1.1/flashcards.html (SVG #1)
ib/R1.1/R1.1.3.html (SVG #1)
ib/R1.1/R1.1.4.html (SVG #1)
ib/R1.1/R1.1.5.html (SVG #1)
ib/R3.2/index.html (SVG #1)
ib/R3.2/exam.html (SVG #1)
ib/R3.2/R3.2.1.html (SVG #1)
ib/R3.2/R3.2.2.html (SVG #1)
ib/R3.2/R3.2.2.html (SVG #2)
Diagram: Voltaic (Galvanic) Cell ZnSO₄(aq) Zn ANODE (−) Oxidation CuSO₄(aq) Cu CATHODE (+) Reduction V e⁻ → Salt bridge
ib/R3.2/R3.2.2.html (SVG #3)
Diagram: Electrolytic Cell for molten NaCl + − Power Supply Molten NaCl(l) Na⁺, Cl⁻ ions Graphite ANODE (+) Oxidation Graphite CATHODE (−) Reduction e⁻ → e⁻ → Cl₂(g) Na(l)
ib/R3.2/flashcards.html (SVG #1)
ib/R3.2/R3.2.3.html (SVG #1)
ib/R3.2/R3.2.3.html (SVG #2)
Diagram: Reactivity Series of Metals Most reactive → Least reactive K Na Ca Mg Al Carbon Zn Fe Hydrogen Cu Ag Au
ib/R3.4/index.html (SVG #1)
ib/R3.4/exam.html (SVG #1)
ib/R3.4/R3.4.1.html (SVG #1)
ib/R3.4/R3.4.1.html (SVG #2)
Chemistry diagram 1. Initiation Cl₂ → 2Cl • (UV light breaks Cl−Cl = homolytic fission) Each atom gets one electron → free radicals 2. Propagation (chain reaction) Cl• + CH₄ → CH₃• + HCl (radical attacks methane) CH₃• + Cl₂ → CH₃Cl + Cl• (radical regenerated) One radical consumed, one produced → chain continues 3. Termination Cl• + Cl• → Cl₂ CH₃• + Cl• → CH₃Cl CH₃• + CH₃• → C₂H₆ Two radicals combine → chain ends
ib/R3.4/flashcards.html (SVG #1)
ib/R3.4/R3.4.2.html (SVG #1)
ib/R3.4/R3.4.2.html (SVG #2)
Diagram: SN2 Mechanism HO⁻ C Br H H CH₃ Backside attack → ‡ − C HO δ− Br δ− H H CH₃ Planar Transition State → HO C H CH₃ H + Br⁻ Inverted Product
ib/R3.4/R3.4.3.html (SVG #1)
ib/2.1/2.1.1.html (SVG #1)
ib/2.1/index.html (SVG #1)
ib/2.1/exam.html (SVG #1)
ib/2.1/flashcards.html (SVG #1)
ib/2.1/2.1.4.html (SVG #1)
ib/2.1/2.1.3.html (SVG #1)
ib/2.1/2.1.3.html (SVG #2)
Diagram: Why Ionic Compounds Are Brittle Normal Lattice + − + − − + − + ✓ Alternating charges attract → force After Displacement + − + − − + − + ✗ Like charges repel → SHATTERS 💥
ib/2.1/2.1.2.html (SVG #1)
ib/R3.3/R3.3.2.html (SVG #1)
ib/R3.3/index.html (SVG #1)
ib/R3.3/exam.html (SVG #1)
ib/R3.3/R3.3.3.html (SVG #1)
ib/R3.3/flashcards.html (SVG #1)
ib/R3.3/R3.3.1.html (SVG #1)
ib/R2.2/index.html (SVG #1)
ib/R2.2/exam.html (SVG #1)
ib/R2.2/R2.2.1.html (SVG #1)
ib/R2.2/R2.2.1.html (SVG #2)
Diagram: Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution Kinetic Energy → Number of particles Lower T Higher T Ea Particles with E ≥ Ea can react
ib/R2.2/R2.2.2.html (SVG #1)
ib/R2.2/R2.2.2.html (SVG #2)
Diagram: Effect of a Catalyst on Activation Energy Reaction Progress Enthalpy Reactants Products Uncatalysed Catalysed Ea Ea (cat)
ib/R2.2/flashcards.html (SVG #1)
ib/R2.2/R2.2.3.html (SVG #1)
ib/R2.2/R2.2.3.html (SVG #2)
Diagram: Concentration vs Time Time / s [Reactant] Reactant Product Initial rate = gradient
ib/R2.2/R2.2.4.html (SVG #1)
ib/1.4/index.html (SVG #1)
ib/1.4/exam.html (SVG #1)
ib/1.4/1.4.6.html (SVG #1)
ib/1.4/1.4.1.html (SVG #1)
ib/1.4/1.4.1.html (SVG #2)
Diagram: Converting Between Mass, Moles, and Number of Particles Mass (g) Moles (mol) Particles ÷ M ÷ M, × Nₐ × Nₐ
ib/1.4/1.4.3.html (SVG #1)
ib/1.4/flashcards.html (SVG #1)
ib/1.4/1.4.2.html (SVG #1)
ib/1.4/1.4.5.html (SVG #1)
ib/1.4/1.4.4.html (SVG #1)
ib/1.3/1.3.5.html (SVG #1)
ib/1.3/index.html (SVG #1)
ib/1.3/exam.html (SVG #1)
ib/1.3/1.3.4.html (SVG #1)
ib/1.3/1.3.4.html (SVG #2)
Chemistry diagram
ib/1.3/1.3.4.html (SVG #3)
Diagram: s-orbitals
ib/1.3/1.3.4.html (SVG #4)
Orbital Energy Diagram ENERGY s p d 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 4s 3d 4p Notice 4s fills BEFORE 3d Hund's Rule in 3d Orbitals fill singly with parallel spins before pairing.
ib/1.3/1.3.3.html (SVG #1)
ib/1.3/1.3.2.html (SVG #1)
ib/1.3/1.3.2.html (SVG #2)
Diagram: Energy Level Transitions n = 1 n = 2 n = 3 n = 4 n = 5 n = ∞ Lyman (UV) Balmer (Visible) Paschen (IR)
ib/1.3/1.3.1.html (SVG #1)
ib/1.3/1.3.1.html (SVG #2)
Diagram: How Emission Works + n=1 n=2 n=3 e⁻ excited e⁻ ground Photon (hv) What Happens 1. e⁻ falls to a lower level 2. Energy difference (ΔE) released 3. Emitted as a photon of light ΔE = hv = hc/λ
ib/1.3/flashcards.html (SVG #1)
ib/1.3/1.3.7.html (SVG #1)
ib/1.3/1.3.7.html (SVG #2)
Diagram: Successive Ionization Energies (log scale) Ionization number log IE 1 2 3 4 5 6 BIG JUMP new inner shell Valence e⁻ Core e⁻
ib/1.3/1.3.6.html (SVG #1)
ib/1.2/1.2.1.html (SVG #1)
ib/1.2/index.html (SVG #1)
ib/1.2/exam.html (SVG #1)
ib/1.2/history.html (SVG #1)
ib/1.2/flashcards.html (SVG #1)
ib/1.2/1.2.3.html (SVG #1)
ib/1.2/1.2.2.html (SVG #1)
ib/1.5/1.5.3.html (SVG #1)
ib/1.5/index.html (SVG #1)
ib/1.5/exam.html (SVG #1)
ib/1.5/1.5.2.html (SVG #1)
ib/1.5/1.5.2.html (SVG #2)
Ideal vs Real Gas Pressure, P (atm) Compressibility Factor, Z (PV/nRT) 1.0 0.0 Ideal Gas H₂ N₂ CO₂ Z < 1 Attractive forces dominate (P_real < P_ideal) Z > 1 Molecular volume dominates (V_real > V_ideal)
ib/1.5/1.5.4.html (SVG #1)
ib/1.5/flashcards.html (SVG #1)
ib/1.5/1.5.1.html (SVG #1)
ib/R2.3/R2.3.2.html (SVG #1)
ib/R2.3/index.html (SVG #1)
ib/R2.3/exam.html (SVG #1)
ib/R2.3/R2.3.3.html (SVG #1)
ib/R2.3/flashcards.html (SVG #1)
ib/R2.3/R2.3.1.html (SVG #1)
ib/R2.3/R2.3.1.html (SVG #2)
Diagram: Reaching Equilibrium Time Concentration [Reactants] [Products] Equilibrium
ib/3.1/3.1.1.html (SVG #1)
ib/3.1/index.html (SVG #1)
ib/3.1/exam.html (SVG #1)
ib/3.1/3.1.6.html (SVG #1)
ib/3.1/3.1.6.html (SVG #2)
Ionisation Energy Period 2 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 Li Be B C N O F Ne Element (Period 2) 1st Ionisation Energy (kJ mol⁻¹) Be → B Dip N → O Dip
ib/3.1/3.1.5.html (SVG #1)
ib/3.1/flashcards.html (SVG #1)
ib/3.1/3.1.4.html (SVG #1)
ib/3.1/3.1.3.html (SVG #1)
ib/3.1/3.1.2.html (SVG #1)
ib/R1.2/R1.2.3.html (SVG #1)
ib/R1.2/index.html (SVG #1)
ib/R1.2/R1.2.2.html (SVG #1)
ib/R1.2/R1.2.2.html (SVG #2)
Mg(s) + Cl₂(g) Mg(g) + Cl₂(g) Mg(g) + 2Cl(g) Mg²⁺(g) + 2e⁻ + 2Cl(g) Mg²⁺(g) + 2Cl⁻(g) MgCl₂(s) ΔH(at, Mg) = +148 ΔH(at, Cl₂) = +242 IE₁ + IE₂ = +2189 2×EA(Cl) = -698 -ΔH(latt) = -2522 ΔH(f) = -641
ib/R1.2/exam.html (SVG #1)
ib/R1.2/R1.2.4.html (SVG #1)
ib/R1.2/flashcards.html (SVG #1)
ib/R1.2/R1.2.1.html (SVG #1)
ib/2.4/index.html (SVG #1)
ib/2.4/2.4.3.html (SVG #1)
ib/2.4/exam.html (SVG #1)
ib/2.4/2.4.4.html (SVG #1)
ib/2.4/2.4.6.html (SVG #1)
ib/2.4/flashcards.html (SVG #1)
ib/2.4/2.4.1.html (SVG #1)
ib/2.4/2.4.1.html (SVG #2)
Van Arkel-Ketelaar Triangle IONIC (Electron Transfer) METALLIC (Delocalised) COVALENT (Shared Pairs) 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 Average Electronegativity (Σχ / 2) Δ Electronegativity (Δχ) CsF F₂ Cs SiO₂ AlCl₃
ib/2.3/index.html (SVG #1)
ib/2.3/2.3.1.html (SVG #1)
ib/2.3/exam.html (SVG #1)
ib/2.3/flashcards.html (SVG #1)
ib/2.3/2.3.2.html (SVG #1)
ib/2.3/2.3.3.html (SVG #1)
ib/R3.1/R3.1.3.html (SVG #1)
ib/R3.1/R3.1.3.html (SVG #2)
Diagram: Strong Acid + Strong Base Titration Volume of base added / cm³ pH 0 7 14 Equivalence point (pH = 7 for SA/SB)
ib/R3.1/index.html (SVG #1)
ib/R3.1/exam.html (SVG #1)
ib/R3.1/R3.1.2.html (SVG #1)
ib/R3.1/R3.1.2.html (SVG #2)
Diagram: The pH Scale 0 2 4 6 7 9 11 14 Acidic Neutral Alkaline pH = −log₁₀[H⁺]
ib/R3.1/flashcards.html (SVG #1)
ib/R3.1/R3.1.1.html (SVG #1)
ib/R3.1/R3.1.1.html (SVG #2)
Diagram: Proton Transfer: HCl + H₂O HCl Acid (donor) + H₂O Base (acceptor) H⁺ Cl⁻ Conj. Base + H₃O⁺ Conj. Acid Conjugate pair 1 Conjugate pair 2
ib/2.2/2.2.8.html (SVG #1)
ib/2.2/2.2.11.html (SVG #1)
ib/2.2/2.2.4.html (SVG #1)
ib/2.2/2.2.4.html (SVG #2)
VSEPR Geometries 180° Linear 2 Electron Domains 120° Trigonal Planar 3 Electron Domains 109.5° Tetrahedral 4 Electron Domains
ib/2.2/2.2.5.html (SVG #1)
ib/2.2/index.html (SVG #1)
ib/2.2/2.2.10.html (SVG #1)
ib/2.2/exam.html (SVG #1)
ib/2.2/2.2.9.html (SVG #1)
ib/2.2/2.2.2.html (SVG #1)
ib/2.2/2.2.3.html (SVG #1)
ib/2.2/2.2.16.html (SVG #1)
ib/2.2/2.2.15.html (SVG #1)
ib/2.2/flashcards.html (SVG #1)
ib/2.2/2.2.14.html (SVG #1)
ib/2.2/2.2.1.html (SVG #1)
ib/2.2/2.2.6.html (SVG #1)
ib/2.2/2.2.13.html (SVG #1)
ib/2.2/2.2.12.html (SVG #1)
ib/2.2/2.2.7.html (SVG #1)
ib/R1.3/index.html (SVG #1)
ib/R1.3/exam.html (SVG #1)
ib/R1.3/R1.3.1.html (SVG #1)
ib/R1.3/R1.3.3.html (SVG #1)
ib/R1.3/flashcards.html (SVG #1)
ib/R1.3/R1.3.2.html (SVG #1)
ib/R1.3/R1.3.4.html (SVG #1)
ib/R1.4/index.html (SVG #1)
ib/R1.4/R1.4.4.html (SVG #1)
ib/R1.4/exam.html (SVG #1)
ib/R1.4/R1.4.3.html (SVG #1)
ib/R1.4/R1.4.2.html (SVG #1)
ib/R1.4/R1.4.1.html (SVG #1)
ib/R1.4/R1.4.1.html (SVG #2)
Diagram: Entropy Increases With... Increasing Entropy → Solid Low S Liquid Medium S Gas High S Also: more moles of gas, higher T, dissolved vs solid
ib/R1.4/flashcards.html (SVG #1)